Author : Santosh

Many studies have noted that modern tragedy evolved from the rudimentary stage of Attic tragedy to the more sophisticated Elizabethan tragedy. Critics argue that no classic tragedies are written today, although the forms and formulas of tragedy remain intact. These arguments hold true in most cases because contemporary tragedies do not typically involve characters of […]

Abstract This thesis examines the practices of Nepali online media, arguing that they prioritize profit over truth, distorting information through sensationalism, decontextualization, and manipulation. Drawing on cultural studies and media theory, it analyzes media products as texts, revealing how clickbait, agenda-setting, and inadequate resources undermine credibility and public critical engagement. Despite positive contributions, such as […]

Santosh Ghimire Introduction In A Tale of Two Cities (1859) and The Grapes of Wrath (1939), Charles Dickens and John Steinbeck craft female characters who navigate oppressive socio-political landscapes. This paper argues that Dickens, despite writing in an earlier era, endows his female characters—Madame Defarge, Lucie Manette, and Miss Pross—with greater agency and subversive potential […]

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गीतबाट अंग्रेजी सिक्ने यो श्रेणीको पहिलो भागमा हामी ज्याक ब्राउनको चर्चित गीत Highway 20 Ride लाई लिँदै छौँ। A sad father goes on a long drive, trying to get connected with his son. He talks about him not getting along with his wife, about him being desperate to meet the son. Towards the end, he […]

The world we live in today has witnessed remarkable development and entertainment, which is partly attributed to the innovative ideas and thoughts from various fields that constantly seek to play a greater role in an ever-changing world. However, having a brilliant idea is not enough. It is equally important to present these ideas in an […]

Will+v1 (ने छ) भविष्यमा कुनै कुरा हुन्छ वा हुने छ भन्ने जनाउन will+ v1 को प्रयोग गरिन्छ । संरचनाः S+ will+v1+ obj सुत्ने छ S+ will+ not+ v1+ obj सुत्ने छैन Will+ s+ v1+ obj? सुत्ने छ ? Wh+ will+ s+v1+obj? कति बजे सुत्ने छ ? I will be at work at 12 tomorrow.   […]

यसको प्रयोग विगतमा हुने गरेको तर अहिले नहुने गरेको अथवा विगतमा हुने नगरेको र अहिले हुने गरेको कुरा जनाउन गरिन्छ । यसको अर्थ गर्थेँ वा गर्दिनथें हुन्छ । तपाईंले गर्थें भन्नु भयो भने अहिले गर्नुहुन्न भन्ने अर्थ लाग्छ । त्यस्तै, गर्दिनथें भन्नुभयो भने अहिले गर्नु हुन्छ भन्ने अर्थ लाग्छ । I used to smoke. (अहिले […]

The present perfect tense is used to indicate an action or state that happened in the past and its effects continue to the present. It is formed with the present tense of the verb “have” + the past participle of the main verb. (विगतमा सुरु भएको र असर अझैसम्म भएको अवस्थामा) Examples of present perfect […]

Was/were ‘Be’  ले simple past मा ‘थियो, थिए’ आदि अर्थ दिन्छ र निम्न संरचनाको प्रयोग गरेर simple past मा प्रयोग गरिन्छ । Subject + was/were + noun/adjective Subject + was/ were + not + noun/adjective Was/Were+ subject+ noun/adjective? Wh+ was/were+ subject+ noun/adjective? केही उदाहरणहरू हेरौं:- म हिजो इन्टरभ्यूमा ढिला भएँ । I was late to […]

Welcome to my website! I have years of expertise as a professional simultaneous and conference interpreter in Nepali, especially in the medical sector. I specialize in offering interpreting services in a range of contexts, including corporate meetings, conferences, and courtroom processes, as well as for doctor’s appointments, surgeries, and other medical procedures. My offerings consist […]

हामीले दैनिक जीवनमा सामान्यता हुने कुराहरूको बारेमा प्रश्न गर्नु पर्दा, सधैँ सत्य हुने कुराको बारेमा प्रश्न गर्दा सामान्य वर्तमान काल प्रयोग गरी प्रश्न सोध्ने गर्छौँ । यसबाट प्रश्न बनाउँदा निम्न तालिकाको सहयोग लिन सकिन्छ। Where How often When What time How much Why How What       do I we you they read like work live […]

अकरण बनाउन (खाँदैन, गर्दैन आदि भन्न) do/does not प्रयोग गर्नु पर्छ । I/we/you/they/plural सँग do (don’t) र He/she/it/singular सँग does not (doesn’t) प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यसलाई तलको तालिकाबाट प्रष्ट पारिएको छ । I/we/you/they do not (don’t) read    like    work    live    watch      do     have He/she/it (does not (doesn’t) read    like    work    live    watch      do     have Structures […]

सामान्य वर्तमान कालको प्रयोग साधारणतया हुने घटना र सधैँ सत्य हुने घटनामा हुन्छ । यसको निर्माण निम्न तरिकाले गर्न सकिन्छ । खान्छ, गर्छ, माया गर्छिन्, मन पराउँछु आदि भन्न यसको प्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ । I, we, you, they, plural सँग verb 1 (infinitive) प्रयोग गरिन्छ भने  he, she, it, singular सँग verb5 प्रयोग गरिन्छ । […]

अहिले (बोलिरहेका बेला) (न) भइरहेको घटनाको बारेमा कुरा गर्न Present Continuous tense प्रयोग हुन्छ । जस्तै, The sun is shining. It is not raining. She is having a bath. You are not listening to me. यो पाठबाट हामीले औपचारिक रूपमा tense पढ्न सुरु गरेका छौँ । tense पढ्नका लागि हामीसँग verbs को ज्ञान हुनु पर्छ । […]

Lesson 1 Is/am/are My name is Santosh. I am 40. I am married. I am Nepali. I am from Jhapa. My favorite sport is Badminton. I am a translator. My wife is a manager and my children are students. I am interested in politics. छ/हो, छन्/हुन् भन्नका लागि यी संरचनाहरू प्रयोग गरिन्छ। हुन त सरल लाग्न […]

Unit 1. Is the weather good today? Am I late for the meeting? She is sick. Is it time for lunch yet? I am a problem for you. You are my light. The store is not open on Saturdays. I am not at the party. The kids are not helpful. Are those people Indians? Am […]

Here is a good list for learners:   adjective + about adjective + at angry about anxious about enthusiastic about excited about furious about happy about mad about nervous about pessimistic about sad about serious about upset about worried about amazed at awful at bad at brilliant at clever at delighted at disappointed at excellent […]

हुन त समय भइसक्यो भन्नलाई ‘It is late to do’ भन्न पनि सकिन्छ । तर यसमा एउटा आलोचना वा सुझावको बोध आउँदैन । It is late to eat  भन्दा खाना खान ढिलो भयो मात्र भनिन्छ तर “किन नखाको, ढिला भइसक्यो” वा “हिजो त यो बेलामा खाइसकिएको थियो” भन्ने अर्थ आउँदैन । यसका लागि हामी भन्छौँ: […]

Today I am going to analyze a small document published in the US CDC multilingual portal. The two-page document intends to make people wary about COVID 19 and what one can do if they are sick with it. In the first paragraph of the first page, the document lists out the things that need to […]

The Austin Independent School District sent a letter to Nepali parents on January 11, 2021, informing them about the school district’s decision to go into remote instructions. Reading the Nepali document (I tried finding the source, but could not find it), you understand that this decision is being taken to stop the spread of COVID. […]

  When a government agency, NGO, or private organization or individual has a document translated, they want to enhance the accessibility and scope of the information they have, or expand the markets for their goods and services. They also want to dialogue with the target community in the language the community speaks. They want to […]

आजभन्दा १३ वर्ष अगाडि काठमान्डौं आउँदा मलाई के गर्ने भन्ने कुरा थाह थिएन । बाँच्नु पर्ने बाध्यता थियो । अत: के काम गर्ने भन्ने छनौट गर्ने विकल्प थिएन मसँग । मैले पनि अधिकाशं मान्छेहरुले गर्ने गरेको शिक्षण गर्ने थाले । विभिन्न इन्टिच्युटहरुमा अंग्रेजी पढाएँ । तर प्रतिस्पर्धा यति ठूलो थियो कि शिक्षणका अलावा अर्को पेसा […]

सबैजना गुमसुम बाँचिरहेका जस्ता- एउटा एकत्व, तनाव, उफान म एकतमास सोचिदिन्छु- देखिनु र देखाउनुको खेल सपानाको रापले आफैलाई सेकिरँहू जस्तो एउटा विकराल अन्धकार

धेरै वर्ष पहिला नैतिक शिक्षाको कक्षामा हाम्रो शिक्षकले प्रत्येक शरद ऋतुमा यो प्रश्न सोध्थे: कुनै संग्राहलयमा आगो लाग्यो भने केलाई बचाउँछौ, रेम्ब्रान्ड्टको पेन्टिङ् वा जिआइको धेरै वर्ष बाँकी नभएकी कुनै बुढी महिला? कडा कुर्सीमा बसेका बेचैन हामी पेन्टिङ् वा बुढ्यौलीको बारेमा ख्याल गर्दै नगरी एक साल जीवन छान्थ्यौं त अर्को साल कला अनि सधै उदासिन […]

The pine shadows played on the ground When he got on the knoll. It was a wonderful view In the vast jungle of pine trees An open realm under the sun   And then The guns rattled out of the blue And he fell On his own blood, No splash, just a scarce falling the […]

One day, it suddenly occurred to me that I did not belong and the series of lies should already have discontinued. What lies? The secret I wish not to demystify. I was never content then- this was the seedy truth. And discontent heart goaded me into teaching school kids. A job, so disrespectful that you […]

साथीहरूको अनुरोधमा म यो ब्लग थाल्दैछु । यो मुलत: अंग्रेजी भाषा सिक्ने र सिकाउने कुरामा केन्द्रित हुनेछ । म क्रमबद्ध रूपमा अंग्रेजी भाषाका विभिन्न पक्षमा प्रकाश पार्ने छु । मलाई लाग्छ भाषा सिक्दा निम्न कुरामा ध्यान दिन सकियो भने र ति कुराहरूको पालना गर्न सकियो भने हामी सफलता हासिल गर्न सक्छौं । Words (शब्दहरू) कुनै […]

जब मेरी हजुरआमाले आफ्नो छेउमा मलाई सुताएर, जगाएका मुर्कुटा, राँके भूत, दुले भूत र किचकन्नीहरू म भित्र बिस्तारै सुस्ताउन थाल्थे जब झ्याउँकिरीले रातको कलिलोपनालाई निल्थ्यो कसैले राजवंशी बस्ती तिरबाट बाँसुरी बजाउथ्यो धुन निकाल्थ्यो यस्तो जसले मलाई सिरिङ्ग पार्थ्यो । को थ्यो त्यो वादक ? किन बजाउथ्यो ऊ बाँसुरी मेरो सुस्ताउँदो चेतना चिथर्ने गरी ? तर […]

We had walked together for a while I, being uninterested in him, took a bus to Kathmandu to do a flight of dreams and he had pardoned my callousness and followed me to wherever I went, like a loyal dog. I called his loyalty cowardice When I found him dogging me, I thought he was […]

सँगै हिँडिरहेका थियौँ हामी ऊप्रति अनुदार भई  म सपनाको उडान भर्न मोटर चढेर काठमान्डौं छिर्दा उसले मलाई क्षमा दिएको थियो जब ऊ मेरो पछि लागेर मैले पालेको कुकुर जसरी संसारको नरकमा पुग्थ्यो म उसलाई काथर ठान्थें बाटो पहिल्याउन नसक्ने लाछी मान्थें हो, हामी लामो समयसम्म सँगै थियौं  म वाफिलो जाडोमा शंखरदेव अगाडिको क्याफेमा शिखर चुरोट […]

कहिले लाग्छ  रोऊँ यी शब्दका ओजमा  बिना कारण, बिना पिडा वा सुखी वर्षी दिऊँ आफ्नै आँखाको डिलबाट शरीर भिजाऊँ आफ्नै  डुबाऔं आफैलाई  यिनको गहिराइमा  आफ्नै मृत्युको षडयन्त्र गर्ने पटमुर्ख बनूँ  तर अहँ,  शब्द माथिको विश्वास गुम्न नदिऊँ  म बोलू शब्द-जीवन म लेखूँ जीवन-शब्द  छेडूँ युद्ध शान्तिको विरुद्धमा  यी चिर निन्द्रामा सुतेका मान्छेहरू, ब्युँझने गरी कर्कश […]

Let there be someone, capable of understanding this fretting, ready to endear this helplessness Let there be someone who laughs with me and cries alone and makes me laugh when I cry. Let there be someone, capable of shortening my long nights ready to sprinkle the first rays of the sun, awaking me of a […]

Is it true that you are searching for a solid translation benefit in Nepal? In the event that yes, you are in the perfect place, since we, at Nepali linguist, comprehend the significance of the exactness of your transcripts and henceforth give you an administration of an obvious quality and faultlessness. Not exclusively do we […]

I have seen people perish because of someone else’s presence and also those who have perished because of someone’s absence. This man on the video is the second type of person who is hell-bent on drinking himself to death after his wife’s death. He has sons. But he doesn’t care a jot. He has property. […]

I am smoking a Marlboro as I am writing a poem, aware of someone’s claim of life being a cigarette, beginning with a light and ending with powdery ashes, also aware of someone urging to ‘write life in poetry’ to be a real poet. That way, I seem to be writing a poetry about cigarette. […]

Don’t accuse my thirst. Thirst itself is thirsty here. Yet my being carries an ocean inside A floating individual I am. How is there the aim in the splash of the ocean? Waves merely walk aimlessly, shaking the whole existence! Making me even thirstier, and you walk in the quest of water What meaning shall […]

As a English to Nepali translator , I have been doing a lot of editing jobs for a while. Not that I enjoy doing them. But they come from my regular clients, and I can’t put down their requests. Of course, there is no problem with doing an editing job. But the problem is the […]

Is/Am/Are- छ/हो हामीलाई यो अभिव्यक्ति सरल लाग्न सक्छ र हामी ‘यस्ता जाबो’ भनेर यसलाई ‘वाइयात’ को करार दिन सक्छौं । तर बुझ्नु पर्ने कुरो के हो भने यो सम्भवत अंग्रेजीको सबैभन्दा महत्वपूर्ण मध्ये एक अभिव्यक्ति किनकी यो अभिव्यक्तिमा संसारका सबै विशेषणहरूको प्रयोग गर्न मिल्छ । यसको अर्थको हो, हामीले आजको कक्षाबाट विशेषणको प्रयोग गर्ने स्थान […]

अहिले सम्मको पाठको सूची            यो ब्लग प्रयोग गर्ने तरिका Day 1: Learn English with Me (परिचय) Day 2: Sentence Structure and the parts of a sentence  (वाक्य संरचना र वाक्यका भागहरू) Day 3: List of important verbs (महत्वपूर्ण क्रियाहरू) Day 4: Do it. (जाऊ, खानुहोस्) Day 5: Let’s do it. (गरौं) Day 6: Types […]

Present Continuous Tense (गर्दैछ) आज हामी औपचारिक रूपमा tense शुरुवातको गर्दछौं । Present Continuous tense को प्रयोग बोलिरहेको बखत हुँदै गरेको कुरा बताउन हुन्छ । उदाहरणको लागि, म अपूर्ण वर्तमान कालको बारेमा लेख्दैछु । I am writing about present continuous tense. बाहिर सवारी साधनहरू दगुर्दैछन् । Vehicles are plying outside. मेरी श्रीमतीले मलाई खाना ल्याइदिदै […]

विगतको कुनै निश्चित समयमा कुनै काम भइरहेको थियो भन्ने कुरा जनाउन यो Tense को प्रयोग हुन्छ । यो विगतको निश्चित समय (हिजो साँझ, अस्ति सात बजे, यो समय हिजो/गत हप्ता/महिना/वर्ष इत्यादि) सँग वा When+ simple past सँग आउँछ । यो Tense ले ‘गर्दै थियो’ भन्ने जनाउँछ । संरचनाहरू: Subject + was/were verb 4 + obj […]

Learn English with me: List of important verbs रूपको आधारमा Verb लाई ६ भागमा बाँड्न सकिन्छ; Verb 1 (v1) :- प्रत्यय नथपिएको मूल वर्तमान जनाउने Verb । उदाहरणको लागि, go, eat, strive, whip etc. Verb 2 (v2):- भूत जनाउने रूप बदलिएको Verb । उदाहरणको लागि, went, ate, strived, whipped. Verb 3 (v3):- ‘एको’ जनाउने रूप […]

Learn English with Me: I do vs. I am doing अस्थायी अवस्थामा I am doing को प्रयोग हुन्छ । पानी उम्लँदै छ । हिटर बन्द गरूँ ? The water is boiling. Can you turn the heater off? (अहिले उम्लिरहेको छ) ती मान्छेहरूको कुरा सुन । उनीहरू कुन भाषा बोलिरहेका छन् ? Listen to those people. […]

Has/have Have को प्रयोग सामान्यतया स्वामित्व बुझाउन गरिन्छ । यसले ‘सँग/मा छ’ भन्ने अर्थ दिन्छ । ‘have got’ ले पनि उही अर्थ दिन्छ । जस्तै, मसँग धेरै उपन्यासहरू छन् । I have many novels/I have got many novels. सीताको घरमा बगैँचा छैन । Sita’s house does not have a garden/ Sita’s house has not got […]

Learn English with me (मसँग अंग्रेजी सिक्नुहोस्) साथीहरूको अनुरोधमा म यो ब्लग थाल्दैछु । यो मुलत: अंग्रेजी भाषा सिक्ने र सिकाउने कुरामा केन्द्रित हुनेछ । म क्रमबद्ध रूपमा अंग्रेजी भाषाका विभिन्न पक्षमा प्रकाश पार्नेछु । मलाई लाग्छ भाषा सिक्दा निम्न कुरामा ध्यान दिन सकियो भने र ति कुराहरूको पालना गर्न सकियो भने हामी सफलता हासिल […]

गर, गर्नुहोस् आजदेखि हामी औपचारिक रूपमा (formally) अंग्रेजीका अभिव्यक्तिहरू (expressions) सिक्छौं । सुरुवात आदेश दिन सिकेर गर्छौं । अंग्रेजीमा गर्ने आदेश दिन Verb1 को प्रयोग गरिन्छ भने नगर्ने आदेश दिन Don’t +verb1 को प्रयोग गरिन्छ । खाऊ, सुत्नुहोस् नखाऊ, नसुत्नुहोस् (V1+obj) (Don’t+v1+ obj)   खाऊ, सुत्नुहोस् (V1+obj) खाऊ । प्रत्येक दिन केही लेख । Eat. Write […]

सँगै गर्ने (doing it together) आज हामी वक्ता र श्रोता मिलेर काम गर्ने कुरालाई कसरी व्यक्त गर्ने भन्ने बारेमा सिक्छौं । हामीले दैनिक जीवनमा ‘गरौं, खाऔं, सहयोग गरौं’ आदि भन्नु पर्ने हुन्छ । यो अभिव्यक्तिले वक्ता र श्रोता दुबै मिलेर काम गरौं भन्ने प्रकारको भाव दिन्छ अथवा तिमी र म मिलेर गरौं भन्ने अर्थ दिन्छ […]

आज हामी कुनै वाक्यको negative, yes-no questions र wh-questions बनाउने तरिका सिक्छौं । negative, yes-no questions र wh-questions सबै बनाउँदा सहायक क्रियाहरू (helping verbs) को आवश्यकता पर्ने भएकाले ती सहायक क्रियाको सूची यहाँ दिइएको छ । (Do, does, did, has, have, had)*, is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been, may, must, might, should, could, […]

Don’t accuse my thirst. Thirst itself is thirsty here. Yet my being carries an ocean inside A floating individual I am. How is there the aim in the splash of the ocean? Waves merely walk aimlessly, shaking the whole existence! Making me even thirstier, and you walk in the quest of water What meaning shall […]

I didn’t know what I wanted to do when I first got into Kathmandu 13 years ago. There was a compulsion of survival. So I didn’t have a choice of choosing a job. I started my career as a teacher like many others were doing, teaching English at different institutes. But the competition was so […]

तपाईंलाई अंग्रेजी भाषाले थकाइ सकेको छ ? अथवा TOEFL, IELTS, SAT जस्ता टेस्ट दिन चाहनु हुन्छ तर राम्रो अंक ल्याउने विश्वास छैन ? वा तपाईं लोक सेवाको परराष्ट्र सेवाको तयारी गर्दै हुनुहुन्छ तर परीक्षाको महत्वपूर्ण अंश ओगट्ने अनुवादले सताइ रहेको छ ? वा तपाईंसँग डिग्री छ तर अंग्रेजीमा क्षमता नभएका कारणले पछि परिरहनु भएको छ […]