Has/have
Have को प्रयोग सामान्यतया स्वामित्व बुझाउन गरिन्छ । यसले ‘सँग/मा छ’ भन्ने अर्थ दिन्छ । ‘have got’ ले पनि उही अर्थ दिन्छ । जस्तै,
मसँग धेरै उपन्यासहरू छन् । I have many novels/I have got many novels.
सीताको घरमा बगैँचा छैन । Sita’s house does not have a garden/ Sita’s house has not got a garden.
संरचनाहरू
| Sub+ have/has+ noun (सँग छ)
Sub+ does/does+ have+ noun (सँग छैन) Do/Does+ Sub + have+ noun? (सँग छ?) Wh+ do/does +sub + noun? |
Sub+ has/have got+ noun.
Sub+ has/have not got + noun. Has/Have + sub+ got + noun? Wh + has/have+ sub+ noun? |
| मेरो एउटा भाइ छ ।
I have a brother. उनीहरूसँग नयाँ घर छ । They have a new house. धनीसँग धेरै इर्ष्या हुन्छ । The rich have a lot of jealousy. हामीसँग धेरै पैसा छैन । त्यसैले हामी पछौटे छौं । We don’t have much money. So We are laggards. उसका धेरै सपनाहरू छैनन् । He doesn’t have many dreams. ला! ऊसँग साँचो छैन । ऊ कसरी कोठा भित्र छिर्ला । Oh no! He doesn’t have a key. How’d he get in? पानी पर्न थाल्यो । छाता छ ? It’s started to rain. Do you have an umbrella? तिम्रो झोलामा के छ ? What do you have in your bag? हामीसँग जम्मा कति रुपैयाँ छ ? How much money do we have altogether? तिम्रा कति जना भाइ बहिनीहरू छन् ? How many siblings do you have? |
मेरो एउटा भाइ छ । I have got a brother. उनीहरूसँग नयाँ घर छ । They have got a new house. धनीसँग धेरै इर्ष्या हुन्छ । The rich have got a lot of jealousy. हामीसँग धेरै पैसा छैन । त्यसैले हामी पछौटे छौं । We haven’t got much money. So we are laggards. उसका धेरै सपनाहरू छैनन् । He hasn’t got many dreams. ला! ऊसँग साँचो छैन । ऊ कसरी कोठा भित्र छिर्ला । Oh no! He hasn’t got a key. How’d he get in? पानी पर्न थाल्यो । छाता छ ? It has started to rain. Have you got an umbrella? तिम्रो झोलामा के छ ? What have you got in your bag? हामीसँग जम्मा कति रुपैयाँ छ ? How much money have we got all together? तिम्रा कति जना भाइ बहिनीहरू छन् ? How many siblings have you got? |
More examples:
- Gauri has got red eyes. Or Gauri has red eyes.
- Sapan has got two sisters. Or Sapan has two sisters.
- Our Van has got 2 doors.
- Malati is not feeling well. She has got a headache.
- They like animals. They have got rabbit, 2 dogs and 3 kittens.
- I have got a scooter but I have not got a car.
- Mr and Mrs Bhandari haven’t got any children.
- It’s a nice hotel but it hasn’t got a good parking space.
म बिरामी छु ( I have/I have got+ disease name)
अभिव्यक्तिको प्रयोग गरेर हामी आफू वा अरूलाई लागेको रोगको बारेमा बात मार्न सक्छौं । अझ विशिष्ट भएर भन्दा: have+ a stomachache/backache/अरू ache भएका शब्द/
Have+ a cold/ a sore throat/ pain/cramp on my feet etc
निम्न उदाहरणहरूलाई हेरौं ।
| मेरो टाउको दुखेको छ । I have got a headache. हरिको बुबालाई क्यान्सर भएको छ । Hari’s father has a cancer. मेरो आमाको ढाड दुखेको छ । My mother has a backache. मेरो खट्टा मर्केको छ । I have got a cramp on my leg. मेरो बच्चालाई ज्वरो आएको छ । My baby has a flue. |
(have) got to+ v1
यो अभिव्यक्तिको प्रयोग “गर्नु छ” भन्न गरिन्छ ।
- I have got to go out this evening.
- She has got to help me.
- I’ve got to study for my final exams if I want to pass.
- She’s got to finish her project by tomorrow or she’ll be in trouble.
- He’s got to fix his car before he can go on his road trip.
- We’ve got to leave early if we want to beat the traffic.
Exercises:
- Gauri __________ red eyes. (have)
- Sapan __________ two sisters. (have)
- Our Van __________ got 2 doors. (have)
- They __________ got to make a decision about where to go for vacation. (have)
- Malati is not feeling well. She __________ got a headache. (have)
- They __________ like animals. They have got a rabbit, 2 dogs, 3 kittens. (have)
- I __________ got a scooter but I __________ not got a car. (have, have)
- You __________ got to be careful when handling sharp objects. (have)
- Mr and Mrs Bhandari __________ not got any children. (have)
- The dog __________ got to be taken for a walk before it gets too hot outside. (have)
- The company __________ got to restructure in order to stay competitive. (have)
- It’s a nice hotel but it __________ a good parking space. (not have)
- What __________ you got in your pocket? Nothing, it’s empty. (have)
- __________ Deepak got a car? (have)
- What kind of bike __________ he got? (have)
- They __________ any children. (not have)
- It’s nice house but it __________ a garden. (not have)
- __________ Sabitri__________ a car? (Have?)
- How much money __________ ? (you have?)
- We __________ got oranges. (have)
- She __________ not a cell phone. (not have)
- Ram __________ jackets. (not have)
- __________ you got an Umbrella? (Have)
- __________ you got a visa? (Have)
- __________ your father has a car? (have)
- __________ Carol had many friends? (have)
- Kanchan __________ got a Camera. (have)
- Sanju __________ got a bicycle. (have)
Translate the following sentences into English:
- सारासँग कार छैन। उनी जताततै साइकलमा जान्छिन् ।
- सन्दिप खुसी छैनन् । उनीसँग धेरै समस्या छन् ।
- के भयो (what’s wrong?) मेरो आँखामा केही कुरा छ।
- जुलिया कन्सर्टमा जान चाहन्छिन् तर उनीसँग टिकट छैन।
- मलाई धेरै राम्रो महसुस छैन। मेरो टाउको दुखेको छ।
- राम्रो घर छ तर बगैंचा छैन।
- धेरैजसो कारमा चार पाङ्ग्रा हुन्छन्।
- मसंग कुकुर छ।
- उनको खैरो कपाल छ।
- उनीहरुका तीन सन्तान छन् ।
- उहाँसँग धेरै पैसा छ।
- खेल जित्नका लागि टोलीले मिलेर काम गर्नुपर्छ । (has/have got to)
- ढिलो हुनुअघि (before it is late) सरकारले जलवायु परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी कदम चाल्नुपर्छ ।
- दिउँसो २ बजे हाम्रो बैठक छ ।
- तपाईंको एक मोहक मुस्कान छ।
- उहाँसँग आफ्नो क्षेत्रमा धेरै अनुभव छ।
- हामीले भोलिसम्म यो परियोजना पूरा गर्नुपर्छ ।
- तपाईंसँग धेरै क्षमता छ।
- मेरो टाउको ढुखेको छ।
- उनलाई रुघाखोकी लागेको छ ।
- तिनीहरूसँग धेरै कामहरू छन्।
- उहाँसँग नयाँ कार छ।
- हामी सँगै धेरै रमाइलो गर्छौं। (have fun)
- उहाँप्रति मसँग धेरै सम्मान छ ।
- उनीसँग धेरै महत्वाकांक्षा छ।
अनुवाद गरेर जवाफ यहाँ हेर्नुहोला ।
Writing:
आफू वरिपरि के भइरहेको छ वा के भइरहेको छैन भन्ने कुरा पहिचान गरी कम्तीमा १०-१० वटा वाक्य बनाउनुहोस् ।
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