Have को प्रयोग सामान्यतया स्वामित्व बुझाउन गरिन्छ । यसले ‘सँग/मा छ’ भन्ने अर्थ दिन्छ । ‘have got’ ले पनि उही अर्थ दिन्छ । जस्तै,
मसँग धेरै उपन्यासहरू छन् ।
I have many novels. Or
I have got many novels.
सीताको घरमा बगैँचा छैन ।
Sita’s house does not have a garden.
Sita’s house has not got a garden.
संरचनाहरू
| Sub+ have/has+ noun (सँग छ)
Sub+ does/does+ have+ noun (सँग छैन) Do/Does+ Sub + have+ noun? (सँग छ?) Wh+ do/does +sub + noun? |
Sub+ has/have got+ noun.
Sub+ has/have not got + noun. Has/Have + sub+ got + noun? Wh + has/have+ sub+ noun? |
| मेरो एउटा भाइ छ ।
I have a brother. उनीहरूसँग नयाँ घर छ । They have a new house. धनीसँग धेरै इर्ष्या हुन्छ । The rich have a lot of jealousy. हामीसँग धेरै पैसा छैन । त्यसैले हामी पछौटे छौं । We don’t have much money. So We are laggards. उसका धेरै सपनाहरू छैनन् । He doesn’t have many dreams. ला! ऊसँग साँचो छैन । ऊ कसरी कोठा भित्र छिर्ला । Oh no! He doesn’t have a key. How’d he get in? पानी पर्न थाल्यो । छाता छ ? It’s started to rain. Do you have an umbrella? तिम्रो झोलामा के छ ? What do you have in your bag? हामीसँग जम्मा कति रुपैयाँ छ ? How much money do we have altogether? तिम्रा कति जना भाइ बहिनीहरू छन् ? How many siblings do you have? |
मेरो एउटा भाइ छ ।
I have got a brother. उनीहरूसँग नयाँ घर छ । They have got a new house. धनीसँग धेरै इर्ष्या हुन्छ । The rich have got a lot of jealousy. हामीसँग धेरै पैसा छैन । त्यसैले हामी पछौटे छौं । We haven’t got much money. So we are laggards. उसका धेरै सपनाहरू छैनन् । He hasn’t got many dreams. ला! ऊसँग साँचो छैन । ऊ कसरी कोठा भित्र छिर्ला । Oh no! He hasn’t got a key. How’d he get in? पानी पर्न थाल्यो । छाता छ ? It has started to rain. Have you got an umbrella? तिम्रो झोलामा के छ ? What have you got in your bag? हामीसँग जम्मा कति रुपैयाँ छ ? How much money have we got all together? तिम्रा कति जना भाइ बहिनीहरू छन् ? How many siblings have you got? |
म बिरामी छु ( I have/I have got+ disease name)
अभिव्यक्तिको प्रयोग गरेर हामी आफू वा अरूलाई लागेको रोगको बारेमा बात मार्न सक्छौं । अझ विशिष्ट भएर भन्दा: have+ a stomachache/backache/अरू ache भएका शब्द/
Have+ a cold/ a sore throat/ pain/cramp on my feet etc
निम्न उदाहरणहरूलाई हेरौं ।
| मेरो टाउको दुखेको छ ।
I have got a headache. हरिको बुबालाई क्यान्सर भएको छ । Hari’s father has a cancer. मेरो आमाको ढाड दुखेको छ । My mother has a backache. मेरो खट्टा मर्केको छ । I have got a cramp on my leg. मेरो बच्चालाई ज्वरो आएको छ । My baby has a flue. |
Have को अन्य प्रयोग
- Have + food (खानु)
I always have eggs for my breakfast.
म सधैँ ब्रेकफास्टमा अण्डा खाइन्छु ।
They are having lunch.
उनीहरू लञ्च गर्दैछन् ।
Would you like to have a cigarette?
चुरोट खाने हो ?
- Have केही नामसँग जोडिएर आउँदा उक्त नाम अनुसारको क्रिया बन्छ । केही उदाहरणहरू:
| Have a bath/ a shower (नुहाउनु)
Have an experience (अनुभव हुनु) Have a baby (बच्चा पाउनु) Have an accident (दुर्घटनामा पर्नु) Have a premonition (पूर्वाभास हुनु) Have an insight (ज्ञान हुनु) Have a swim (पौडी खेल्नु) Have a rest/ a break (आराम गर्नु) |
Have a party (पार्टी गर्नु)
Have a day off/holiday (छुट्टी हुनु) Have a nice time (रमाइलो गर्नु) Have a dream (सपना देख्नु) Have a look (at something) (हेर्नु) Have a chat (with someone) (बात मार्नु) Have room (खाली ठाउँ हुनु) Have an argument (वाद-विवाद हुनु) |
ऊ आउँदा म नुहाउँदै थिए ।
I was having a bath when he came.
उनीहरूको बच्चा कहिले जन्मियो ?
When did they have a baby?
तिमी मसँग पौडी खेल्न जान चाहन्छौं ?
Would you like to have a swim with me?
मलाई डिस्ट्रब नगर । म आराम गर्दैछु ।
Don’t disturb me. I have having a rest.
मेरो आँखामा के छ ? हेर त!
What is there in my eye? Have a look at it.
हिजो हामीहरू हाइकिङ् गयौं । खुब रमाइलो भयो ।
We went on a hike yesterday. We had a very nice time.
उनीहरूले झगडा गरेका हुन् ? उनीहरू एक अर्कासँग बोलिरहेका छैनन् ।
Have they had an argument? They are not speaking to each other.
मैले तिमीलाई त्यहाँ नजाऊ भनेको थिएँ । मैले खराब पूर्वाभास पाएको थिए ।
I told you not to go there. I had had a bad premonition.
- have difficulty/trouble लाई ‘गर्दा अप्ठेरो हुन्छ/मुश्किल हुन्छ’ भन्ने अर्थमा र have fun लाई ‘गर्दा रमाइलो हुन्छ’ भन्ने अर्थमा प्रयोग हुन्छ । तर यस्तो प्रयोग गर्दा difficulty, trouble र fun पछाडि verb4 (verb+ ing) अनिवार्य आउनु पर्छ । निम्न उदाहरणहरू हेरौं ।
तिमीलाई मेरो कोठा भेट्न अप्ठेरो भयो ?
Did you have difficulty finding my room?
म आफूले खोजे अनुरूपकी प्रेमिका भेट्न सकिरहेको छुइन ।
I have trouble finding the type of girl friend I want.
सबैजनालाई बिर्सन मुश्किल हुन्छ ।
Everyone has trouble forgetting.
हामी निकै बेर सँगै बस्यौं । हामीले आफ्नो बिगुतको बारेमा गफ गरेर रमाइलो गर्यौं ।
We stayed together for a long time. We had fun talking about our past.
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